25.listopadu 2013

PC a internet Jak vytvořit symlink

Odkazovat na nějaký soubor nebo složku se dá různými způsoby.

Zástupce (Shortcuts)

Asi všichni znají odkaz ve forme zástupce, na kterého když poklepou, tak se spustí nebo otevře soubor, na který zástupce odkazuje. Nevýhodou ovšem je, že ve chvíli, kdy je potřeba tento soubor někam zkopírovat, kopíruje se pouze zástupce, který je na jiném počítači k ničemu.

Symbolický odkaz (Symlink)

Chceme-li udělat zástupce, který se bude chovat opravdu jako jako soubor nebo složka, lze na to použít symlink (symbolický odkaz). Potom při kopírování symlinku kopírujete opravdu fyzický soubor nebo složku a ne zástupce. Je to prostě tak, že soubor je na disku fyzicky jen jeden a má dva různé názvy a cesty.

Tady je třeba si ale uvědomit, že originál máme jen jeden, a když smažeme originál, tak nám zbyde zase jen odkaz ukazující na nic. Smažeme li symlink, tak zmizí jen zástupce. (Pozor - smažeme-li asle soubor v Symlinkovém adresáři, tak ho mažeme již zkuteně.)

Pevný odkaz (Hardlink)

Další variantou je potom Hardlink neboli Pevný odkaz, který udělá fyzicky druhé jméno souboru nebo adresáři. Obě jména potom odkazují na jeden a tentýž soubor, který když změníme, tak se prostě změní, ale smazáním jednoho nám vždy zbyde druhý - tedy obě jména jsou originál a žádný z nich není "jen zástupce". Potom pro smazání souboru musíme fyzicky smazat obě umístění.

Je třeab vědět, že Hardlink lze udělat nej v rámci Partititon a jen na NTFS.

Symlink vytvoříte takto:

mklink /D c:\users\jmeno\Favorites d:\Dropbox\Oblibene

Parametr /D říká, že se jedná od složku (adresář), bez něj se dělá defaultně jen odkaz na soubor.

Pomocí parametru /H se místo Symlinku (symbolického odkazu) udělá Hardlink (pevný odkaz).

Program mklink naleznete na Windows vista a vyšších.

Více informací třeba tady: Naučte se pracovat se symbolickými a pevnými odkazy.


Hledáte-li správce sítě nebo prostě nekoho kdo umí spravovat servery, hledejte na www.petr-hladis.cz

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